South Devon’s Rich Natural Heritage: A Biodiversity Haven

Key Natural Habitats in South Devon 

Coastal and Estuarine Ecosystems 

South Devon’s coastline, shaped by centuries of natural forces, features five prominent ria estuaries—the Dart, Avon, Erme, Yealm, and Salcombe-Kingsbridge. These drowned river valleys are internationally recognised for their biodiversity value. 

  • Mudflats and Saltmarshes: Crucial feeding grounds for wading birds and breeding zones for fish and shellfish. 

  • Eelgrass Beds: Underwater meadows supporting rich marine biodiversity. 

  • Maritime Cliffs and Slopes: Host to specialist flora and seabird colonies. 

  • Shingle Beaches and Sand Dunes: Dynamic environments supporting unique plant and invertebrate species. 

  • Rocky Shores and Reefs: Home to diverse rockpool species and marine organisms. 

Woodland Areas 

South Devon is home to significant areas of ancient and semi-natural woodland, particularly along its river valleys. 

  • Broadleaved and Mixed Woodlands: Predominantly oak, providing habitat for numerous birds, mammals, and invertebrates. 

  • Wet Woodlands: Often found in lower-lying, damp areas with species such as alder and willow. 

  • Wood Pasture and Parkland: Scattered with veteran trees, important for rare fungi, lichens, and insects. 

Grasslands and Heathland 

  • Species-Rich Meadows and Pastures: Including rare limestone grassland, supporting wildflowers and pollinators. 

  • Coastal Grasslands and Heaths: Exposed headlands that support reptiles and ground-nesting birds. 

Farmland and Hedgerows 

Traditional mixed farming practices still shape much of South Devon’s countryside, providing valuable wildlife corridors and habitats. 

  • Hedgerows and Sunken Lanes: Important for small mammals, birds, and invertebrates. 

  • Field Margins and Buffer Zones: Crucial for biodiversity, especially in arable landscapes. 

Freshwater Environments 

  • Rivers and Streams: Support species such as otters, dippers, and freshwater invertebrates. 

  • Lagoons, Marshes, and Reedbeds: Provide nesting and breeding areas for amphibians and wetland birds. 

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